Cookiito-bawge



Range.` Patented Jan. 27, 185-2.

4 Shetsl-Siheet Jv. P.- HAYES.

Range.

Patented Jan. 27,1852.

i STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN P. HAYES, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

COOKING-RANGE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,685, datedJanuary 27, 1852.

To all whom t may concern Be it known that I, Jol-1N P. HAYES, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Cooking- Ranges, and that the following description,

taken in connection with the `accompanyling drawings, hereinafter referred to, forms a full and exact specification of the same, wherein I `have set forth the nature g and `principles of my said invention, by which itmay be distinguished from others of a similar class, together with such parts as I claim and desire to have securedto me by Letters Patent. A

The figures of the accompanying plates ofldrawings represent my improved range. `In Plate l Figure lis a side elevation of the range with both ovens attached. In Pl. 2, Fig. 2, is a longitudinal vertical section of the same. In Pl. 3, Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the range with the main oven only, Aand Fig. 4 is a transverse vertical section of the same `taken in the plane of the line A B. Fig. 5, Pl. 4 is a transverse vertical section of the additional oven taken in the plane of the line O D, Fig. l, Pl. l.`

My improvements consist first, in the ar! rangement of two ovens, one on each side of the fire chamber, by which two baking operations can be carried on in the same range, while it can be built'with only one oven if desirable. Seco-nd, in forming the top, bottom and sides of the ovens of elliptical shaped pipes or iues, through which the heat and smoke from the fire passes. The elliptical shape of `these pipes gives a much greater radiation to the heat in all directions, than the flat sides of which ovens are usually constructed. I have also so arranged a hot air chamber, and diving tlues on the Vback and one side of the main oven, as to cause the hot air to pass up through the oven, between thepipes of which it is composed, down the said diving flues back again into the hot air chamber from which it started, thus keeping the same hot air in constant circulation in and about the oven. When lio baking is going on, this hot air can be made to heat the apartments of the house, in the same manner as a furnace, as will be hereinafter explained.

a a in the drawings represents the fire pot, with an ash pit under it and a plate ZJ with apertures for boiling purposes over it. c, c are the tire chamber doors. In front and `onthe sides of the fire pot, are placed twoR swinging doors d,`cZ which, `when closed, form with the lire pot, a ,radiating` surface to `throw the heat upon anything placed `in front of the range. At the backof the tire chamber is a pipe e, forthe smoke, &c. to pass through while the fire is being kindled, this pipe having a damper f in it, to prevent the smoke from passing after the tire is lighted. The oven g g, which is placed on the right of the fire chamber, has itstop bottom and sides formed by a series of elliptical pipes L, L., k, &c., so placed as toleave apertures z', z', z', between them. 'Ihe heat and smoke as it comes upfrom the fire pot into the space ,7c 7c above the same` (the damper fin the pipe e being closed) enters the space or box Z into which the pipes it', on the side nearestthe fire chamber, and those on the bottom of the oven, open. A small portion of this smoke, &c., is allowed to pass up the pipes /L and by the damper m into the flue o, this quantity being regulated by an adjustable damper n, directly under the damper m. The greater part of the smoke passes, as shown by the blue arrows in the drawings, through the bottom and side pipes most remote from the re chamber, into the pipes on top of the oven, out into the flue o, the damper m being opened, so that these pipes are kept constantly hot. It will be seen that the pipes L, on the side of the oven nearest the lire chamber, can be dispensed with, as this side may be suiiiciently heated by heat from the fire radiated through the plate On the back and side of the fire pot a a, is formed a hot air chamber 20 7), which opens into the flue g g formed underI the oven. Vhen the lire is first kindled, the cold air in immediate contact with the fire pot, becomes heated, and passes, as shown by red arrows, through the flue@ g up into the oven,` through the apertures z', z', &c., between the pipes on the bottom of said oven, and, getting gradually cooler as it passes up, descends through the diving flues e e, formed in the brick work on the back and side of the oven, int-o the flue r 1^, under the flue g g, and thence to the lire pot, where itis again heated and again rises. By this means a constant circulation of hot air is kept up through the oven. By opening one of the swinging doors cZ,`a draft of cold air will enter between the lire pot and said door, and becoming heated, willpass, by the route above described, into the chamber s s over the top of the oven, from whence it can pass, as sho-wn by yellow arrows into other apartments, when the dampers in the pipes t, t are opened.

The left hand oven u u, like the right hand one, has elliptical pipes on its top, bottom, and sides; but unlike the oven g g, these pipes, with the exception of the bottom ones, are inclosed in a case c, o. The smoke as it comes up from the'iire pot, passes through the pipes out by the damper w, as shown by the blue arrows in the drawings, inprecisely the same route that it takes in the oven "g g. The apertures'between the pipes on t-he bottom of this oven u u can be kept covered or left open, by means of a sliding damper Near the top of the'side of the oven nearest the fire chamber, is another sliding damper y. Vhen the damper is open, the hot air from the chamber behind the fire pot, will pass up between the bottom pipes through the oven, and out the apertures at fj. The hot air will pass more readily through this oven than through the oven g g, the dampers m and y being open, as there are no diving flues and nothing to prevent its escape.

By closing the smoke and hot air dampers in the left hand oven, it will be seen that the smoke and hot air will passI into the pipes and through the right hand oven; after which, this oven having become sufficiently heated, the smoke damper m can be closed and the smoke damper w opened, making the smoke pass through the pipes of the left hand oven, while the hot air which is circulating through the right hand oven and its diving flues, keeps it up to its proper degree of heat, thus using both ovens, if desired, at the same time. It will be seen that this range can be used either as a single or double one, by removin the left hand oven and itsl brick work, an placing a partition in its stead on the side of the fire chamber.

Having thus'described my improvements in cookingranges I shall state my claims as follows Y What I claim as my invention and desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent is,

1'. The combination of the pipes, arranged;

purposes, and to admit the cold air when opened, as hereinabove described and set n forth. l

i JOHN P. HAYES. s

Witnesses:

EZRA LINCOLN, JOEL GILES. 

